experimental control and internal validity

Experimental control refers to the manipulation and management of factors or variables in an experiment to minimize their influence on the outcome. It involves creating conditions where only the independent variable is allowed to vary while keeping other variables constant, thereby increasing the reliability and accuracy of the results. Internal validity pertains to the degree to which a study or experiment accurately reflects a cause-and-effect relationship. It ensures that any observed effects on the dependent variable are indeed due to changes in the independent variable, rather than other extraneous factors. Maintaining internal validity involves controlling confounding variables, using random assignment, and implementing proper experimental design and procedures.

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