max-heaps
Max-heaps are a type of binary heap data structure that satisfy the max-heap property. In a max-heap, for any given node, the value of the parent node is greater than or equal to the values of its children nodes. This means that the root node of the max-heap will always contain the largest element. Max-heaps are often used to efficiently implement priority queues, where the highest priority element is always at the front of the queue. They also enable efficient sorting algorithms, such as heapsort. The main operations on max-heaps include inserting elements, extracting the maximum element, and heapifying, which ensures the max-heap property is maintained after modifications. These operations have logarithmic time complexity, making max-heaps efficient for various applications, including graph algorithms, scheduling, and optimization problems.
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