metamaterials and negative refractive index

Metamaterials are artificially engineered materials with unique properties not found in nature. They are designed by combining multiple smaller structures to manipulate electromagnetic waves or acoustic waves in unconventional ways. Negative refractive index, a key characteristic of certain metamaterials, refers to the ability of a material to bend light or waves in the opposite direction compared to traditional materials. It means that when light enters a medium with a negative refractive index, it changes direction in a way that appears counterintuitive, causing it to bend at an angle opposite to what we typically observe.

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