d-ary heap

A d-ary heap is a complete d-ary tree that satisfies the heap property. It is a data structure used to represent a priority queue, where each node contains a key value. The heap property guarantees that the key value of each node is either greater than or equal to (in a max heap) or smaller than or equal to (in a min heap) the key values of its child nodes. The d-ary heap efficiently supports the operations of inserting an element, extracting the minimum or maximum element, and updating the key value of an element. The value of d determines the maximum number of child nodes each node can have, with a binary heap being a special case where d=2.

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