extract minimum in a binary heap

The "extract minimum" operation in a binary heap refers to the process of removing and returning the smallest element from the heap. In a binary heap, the minimum element is always stored at the root of the tree. The extraction involves swapping the root element with the last element in the heap, removing the last element, and then performing a "heapify" operation to maintain the heap property. This operation is essential for maintaining the order and functionality of a binary heap data structure.

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