input validation and integer overflow vulnerabilities
Input validation refers to the process of verifying and ensuring that the data entered or received by a system meets the expected criteria or requirements. It involves checking for proper format, type, length, and range of the input, preventing malicious or erroneous input from causing issues or compromising the system's security. Integer overflow vulnerabilities occur when a mathematical operation or calculation involving an integer exceeds the maximum value that can be stored in that data type. This overflow can lead to unexpected, undefined behavior in applications, opening up possibilities for exploitation by attackers. It can result in crashes, data corruption, or security vulnerabilities that can be leveraged to gain unauthorized access or control of a system.
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