pid controllers

PID controllers, also known as proportional-integral-derivative controllers, are feedback control systems widely used in engineering and automation to regulate and stabilize processes. They continuously calculate and adjust the control output based on proportional, integral, and derivative terms, which dynamically respond to the error between the desired setpoint and the actual process variable. The proportional term provides immediate response based on the current error, the integral term eliminates steady-state errors over time, and the derivative term anticipates and counteracts the rate of change in the error.

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