tournament heap
A tournament heap is a binary tree data structure with properties of both heaps and tournaments. It is used to efficiently perform operations like insertion, deletion, and retrieval of elements. In a tournament heap, each node represents an element, and the parent-child relationships among the nodes follow certain rules. The heap property ensures that the value of each node is greater (or smaller) than or equal to the values of its children, while the tournament property ensures that the value of each internal node is greater (or smaller) than or equal to the values of its descendants. By leveraging these properties, a tournament heap allows for efficient heap operations and finding extreme elements in logarithmic time complexity.
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