diabetic nephropathy and cardiovascular disease

Diabetic nephropathy refers to kidney damage that occurs as a result of long-standing diabetes. It is characterized by the presence of excess proteins in the urine and can progress to kidney failure if left untreated. Cardiovascular disease refers to a group of conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels. These conditions include heart attacks, strokes, and coronary artery disease, among others. People with diabetes have an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease due to the impact of high blood sugar levels on the heart and blood vessels.

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